Kevin McGrew shared Child cognitive development and socioeconomic status: What d... with you.

Kevin McGrew shared the story, Child cognitive development and socioeconomic status: What d..., with you on Flipboard.

Child cognitive development and socioeconomic status: What do we know? journalistsresource.org / Writer: John Wihbey | The "achievement gap" among American students has become a renewed area of focus by policymakers, as compelling data underscore deep structural problems... read more

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Sharing Auditory working memory predicts individual differences in absolute pitch learning via BrowZine

Auditory working memory predicts individual differences in absolute pitch learning
Van Hedger, Stephen C.; Heald, Shannon L.M.; Koch, Rachelle; Nusbaum, Howard C.
Cognition, Vol. 140 – 2015: 95 - 110

10.1016/j.cognition.2015.03.012

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Article: Developing a 21st Century Neuroscience Workforce: Workshop Summary | The National Academies Press

Developing a 21st Century Neuroscience Workforce: Workshop Summary | The National Academies Press
http://www.nap.edu/catalog/21697/developing-a-21st-century-neuroscience-workforce-workshop-summary

Related topics: Life Sciences, Neuroscience, Scientific Research

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Sharing Intelligence is in the Eye of the Beholder: Investigating Repeated IQ Measurements in Forensic Psychiatry via BrowZine

Intelligence is in the Eye of the Beholder: Investigating Repeated IQ Measurements in Forensic Psychiatry
Habets, Petra; Jeandarme, Inge; Uzieblo, Kasia; Oei, Karel; Bogaerts, Stefan
Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities, Vol. 28 Issue 3 – 2015: 182 - 192

10.1111/jar.12120

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WJ IV Update Newsletter - The Gf-Gc Composite, the WIIIP, and the ECAD

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The WJ IV spring newsletter is now available via this link.  This will be posted at the WJ IV website in the next few weeks.

Wednesday, April 8, 2015

11:16 AM

Sharing Beyond the floor effect on the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children - 4th Ed. (WISC-IV): calculating IQ and Indexes of subjects presenting a floored pattern of results via BrowZine

Beyond the floor effect on the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children - 4th Ed. (WISC-IV): calculating IQ and Indexes of subjects presenting a floored pattern of results
Orsini, A.; Pezzuti, L.; Hulbert, S.
Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, Vol. 59 Issue 5 – 2015: 468 - 473

10.1111/jir.12150

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New WISC-V Assessment and Interpretation book

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Tuesday, April 7, 2015

2:05 PM

Sharing Developing multivariable thinkers via BrowZine

Developing multivariable thinkers
Kuhn, Deanna; Ramsey, Stephanie; Arvidsson, Toi Sin
Cognitive Development, Vol. 35 – 2015: 92 - 110

10.1016/j.cogdev.2014.11.003

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Kevin McGrew shared A Typing Test To Diagnose Parkinson’s with you.

Kevin McGrew shared the story, A Typing Test To Diagnose Parkinson's, with you on Flipboard.

A Typing Test To Diagnose Parkinson's popsci.com / Alexandra Ossola It's all in the timingWhether it's on a keyboard, a smartphone, or even a credit card reader, you spend a lot of your day typing. Well, researchers at M... read more

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Domain generality versus modality specificity: the paradox of statistical learning [feedly]

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Domain generality versus modality specificity: the paradox of statistical learning
// TRENDS IN COGNITIVE SCIENCES - Web of Knowledge

Title: Domain generality versus modality specificity: the paradox of statistical learning
Author(s): Frost, Ram; Armstrong, Blair C.; Siegelman, Noam; et al.
Source: TRENDS IN COGNITIVE SCIENCES, 19 (3): 117-125 MAR 2015
IDS#: CD2WJ. ISSN: 1364-6613
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Sharing The association between heart rate reactivity and fluid intelligence in children via BrowZine

The association between heart rate reactivity and fluid intelligence in children
Gao, Yu; Borlam, Deborah; Zhang, Wei
Biological Psychology, Vol. 107 – 2015: 69 - 75

10.1016/j.biopsycho.2015.03.006

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Article: Ungifted: Intelligence Redefined Is Out in Paperback!

A thought provoking read

Ungifted: Intelligence Redefined Is Out in Paperback!
http://scottbarrykaufman.com/article/ungifted-intelligence-redefined-is-out-in-paperback/

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Article: Neuroscientists offer novel insight on brain networks

Neuroscientists offer novel insight on brain networks
http://www.psypost.org/2014/11/neuroscientists-offer-novel-insight-brain-networks-29211

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Sharing The unsolved problems of neuroscience via BrowZine

The unsolved problems of neuroscience
Adolphs, Ralph
Trends in Cognitive Sciences, Vol. 19 Issue 4 – 2015: 173 - 175

10.1016/j.tics.2015.01.007

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Why does the WJ IV GIA score often appear lower (or higher) than the average of the component tests? An explanation redux

With the publication of the new WJ IV, an old score issue has again resurfaced.  Examiners have observed that often an individual's overall GIA score is lower than the arithmetic average of the scores for the component tests. This occurs when an individual consistently scores below average on the component tests.   For individuals who score significantly above average on most tests, the GIA is higher than the arithmetic average of the components (the opposite effect).

 

This is not a new phenomenon and is NOT unique to the WJ battery.  I've written about this previously with Joel Schneider.  A link to a special report can be found here.

Joel Schneider has a great explanation (with videos) of this phenomenon at his awesome blog.

Finally, I first wrote about this in 1994 and have re-posted this material (from my first WJ book) for download (PDF file).

In these explanations one will see that the “total does not equal the sum of the parts” phenomenon also occurs on the Wechslers, but it is HIDDEN from view via the fact that the Wechslers use standard scores (mean=10 plus/minus 3) for subtests.  In my 1994 explanation, I present a fictitious case where a child obtains 4's on all WISC-R subtests (-2 SD).  Since a standard score on a subtest of 4 is -2 SD, these scores would be equal to a standard score (mean=100; SD=15) of 70.  The child would have70's for all subtests.  The arithmetic average of all subtests would be 70.  So.....is the WISC-R full scale IQ approximately 70?  No.  It is 59, or 11 points lower!

Bottom line.  This phenomenon has been around for years and is present on all IQ tests.  It is more obvious on the WJ batteries were all subtests and cluster scores are on a common 100/15 scale. This is nothing new.  If  you have been using other batteries (e.g.Wechslers) you simply have not had the opportunity to observe it.

 

I am currently working with a colleague on a special Assessment Service Bulletin to explain this score issue.  I will notify readers of its availability as soon as it is completed.

Blogging lite....Out of the office for two weeks

I am out of the office for two weeks and will only be doing FYI content curation posts - when tine permits.  I shall return.

Article: Training your brain to pay attention

Training your brain to pay attention
http://bioengineer.org/training-your-brain-to-pay-attention/

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Article: European Journal of Developmental Psychology | Developmetrics reports: Instruments and procedures for developmental research

European Journal of Developmental Psychology | Developmetrics reports: Instruments and procedures for developmental research
http://explore.tandfonline.com/cfp/beh/pedp-developmetrics

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Sharing The relationship between procrastination and academic performance: A meta-analysis via BrowZine

The relationship between procrastination and academic performance: A meta-analysis
Kim, Kyung Ryung; Seo, Eun Hee
Personality and Individual Differences, Vol. 82 – 2015: 26 - 33

10.1016/j.paid.2015.02.038

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Canadian-US IQ "difference/IQ test methdology flaw" reports -- wait a minute.

Recently and article was published in the Journal of Psychoeducational Assessment that raised concerns about the accuracy of the Canadian norms for the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale--Fourth Edition (WAIS-IV).  Social media picked up on the story with various attention-getting headlines such as "Common IQ methodology may be flawed" and "Flawed IQ scoring system: Important difference in American, Canadian scoring systems".  The article citation and abstract are below:

• Harrison, A. G., Holmes, A., Silvestri, R., & Armstrong, I. T. (2015). Implications for Educational Classification and Psychological Diagnoses Using the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale–Fourth Edition With Canadian Versus American Norms. Journal of Psychoeducational Assessment, 0734282915573723.

Abstract:  Building on a recent work of Harrison, Armstrong, Harrison, Iverson and Lange which suggested that Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale–Fourth Edition (WAIS-IV) scores might systematically overestimate the severity of intellectual impairments if Canadian norms are used, the present study examined differences between Canadian and American derived WAIS-IV scores from 861 postsecondary students attending school across the province of Ontario, Canada. This broader data set confirmed a trend whereby individuals’ raw scores systematically produced lower standardized scores through the use of Canadian as opposed to American norms. The differences do not appear to be due to cultural, educational, or population differences, as participants acted as their own controls. The ramifications of utilizing the different norms were examined with regard to psychoeducational assessments and educational placement decisions particularly with respect to the diagnoses of Learning Disability and Intellectual Disability.

I have not studied the Harrison et al. study in depth, but would like to share, with his permission, portions of an email  shared with me by Dr. Larry Weiss, Vice President, Global Research & Development, Pearson Clinical and Talent Assessment (the publisher of the WAIS-IV).  Dr. Weiss and I briefly talked about this controversial paper at the recent NASP conference.

 Dr. Larry Weiss comments ( email 3-18-15 - shared with permission)

"To follow up on our discussion about the Harrison el al. paper, they found that a large percent of Canadian college students obtained scores below the average range on the WAIS-IV FSIQ when using the Canadian norms.  They considered this finding to be highly unexpected for a sample of college students, and questioned the validity of the WAIS-IV Canadian norms.  However, the authors of that study did not adequately take into account that 75% of their sample had clinical diagnoses.   

To demonstrate the impact of clinical status on IQ test scores, my research team drew a sample of American subjects matched to the Harrison sample on clinical status and educational level.  We then scored the American sample on U.S. norms, and found that the percentage obtaining below average FSIQ scores was almost identical to that reported by Harrison et. al. using Canadian norms.  This demonstrates that the Harrison et al. findings are not unique to the Canadian norms, but are due to the mixed clinical status of their sample.  Details of our matched sample analysis will appear in an upcoming issue of the Journal of Psychoeducational Assessment in an article by Miller, Weiss, Beal, Saklofske, Zhu, & Holdnack."

Although I will not comment on the specific WAIS-IV study and methodology in question, I can point out that in a special ASB (ASB #12 Use of the Woodcock-Johnson III NU Tests of Cognitive Abilities and Tests of Achievement with Canadian Populations) where I and others reported the performance of a sample of Canadians on the WJ III NU battery, when the Canadian subjects (who were a randomly selected representative sample--not a largely clinically preselected sample), where matched on critical demographic variables to a sample of US subjects, we found that "while some minor score differences are reported across the two samples, the study findings generally support the use of the U.S.-based WJ III NU norms with Canadian school-age populations."  In other words, when comparable (demographically matched) Canadian and US subjects were compared on the WJ III NU cognitive battery, no significant Canadian-US IQ scores, beyond some minor exceptions, were found.

Readers should wait until the Miller et al. (in press) response paper is released before jumping to any quick conclusions.

[Conflict of interest disclosure:  I am a coauthor of the WJ III and WJ IV, a direct competitor to the Wechsler batteries]