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Intelligent Insights on Intelligence Theories and Tests
Saturday, November 21, 2015
Friday, November 20, 2015
Scott Barry Kaufman on Twitter
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Thursday, November 19, 2015
Research byte: Simple addition problem solving may be autmoatic counting procedures and not quick retrieval from long-term memory
File under Gq, Glr, and Gr as per CHC model
Fast automated counting procedures in addition problem solving: When are they used and why are they mistaken for retrieval? ☆
Highlights
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- It is universally assumed that the answer of small additions is retrieved from memory.
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- Contrariwise, we replicate that they are solved by automated compacted procedures.
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- Moreover, we show here that these procedures are limited to operands up to 4.
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- Counterintuitively, RTs suggest that retrieval could be used for larger additions.
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- Compacted procedures are faster than retrieval and consequently mistaken for it.
Abstract
Contrary
to a widespread assumption, a recent study suggested that adults do not
solve very small additions by directly retrieving their answer from
memory, but rely instead on highly automated and fast counting
procedures (Barrouillet & Thevenot, 2013).
The aim of the present study was to test the hypothesis that these
automated compiled procedures are restricted to small quantities that do
not exceed the size of the focus of attention (i.e., 4 elements). For
this purpose, we analyzed the response times of ninety adult
participants when solving the 81 additions with operands from 1 to 9.
Even when focusing on small problems (i.e. with sums ⩽10) reported by
participants as being solved by direct retrieval, chronometric analyses
revealed a strong size effect. Response times increased linearly with
the magnitude of the operands testifying for the involvement of a
sequential multistep procedure. However, this size effect was restricted
to the problems involving operands from 1 to 4, whereas the pattern of
response times for other small problems was compatible with a retrieval
hypothesis. These findings suggest that very fast responses routinely
interpreted as reflecting direct retrieval of the answer from memory
actually subsume compiled automated procedures that are faster than
retrieval and deliver their answer while the subject remains unaware of
their process, mistaking them for direct retrieval from long-term memory.
Wednesday, November 18, 2015
Dr Mather's WJ-IV dyslexia webinar
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A wandering mind may help creativity (insight problem solving)
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Research byte: Time knowledge (TK) and numerical skills
Hmmm.....where would time knowledge fit in the CHC model?
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Tuesday, November 17, 2015
Brain/cognitive training programs and transfer: More support for changes in attentional control (AC) being a possible domain-general explanatory mechanism across programs
Another research review article that supports my hypothesis, which was invoked to explain the impact of Interactive Metronome (IM)on cognitive outcomes, that the primary mechanism of successful brain fitness or training programs may be the degree to which each program focuses on strengthening attention control (AC in CHC theory; aka, focus). My report/white paper can be found here. Additional information (including You Tube video presentation) available here.
The Mechanisms of Far Transfer From Cognitive Training: Review and Hypothesis.
Greenwood, Pamela M.;
Parasuraman, Raja Neuropsychology, Nov 16 , 2015, No Pagination Specified.
http://dx.doi.org.ezp1.lib.umn.edu/10.1037/neu0000235
Abstract
- Objective: General intelligence is important for success in daily life, fueling interest in developing cognitive training as an intervention to improve fluid ability (Gf). A major obstacle to the design of effective cognitive interventions has been the paucity of hypotheses bearing on mechanisms underlying transfer of cognitive training to Gf. Despite the large amounts of money and time currently being expended on cognitive training, there is little scientific agreement on how, or even whether, Gf can be heightened by such training. Method: We review the relevant strands of evidence on cognitive-training-related changes in (a) cortical mechanisms of distraction suppression, and (b) activation of the dorsal attention network (DAN). We hypothesize that training-related increases in control of attention are important for what is termed far transfer of cognitive training to untrained abilities, notably to Gf. Results: We review the evidence that distraction suppression evident in behavior, neuronal firing, scalp electroencephalography, and hemodynamic change is important for protecting target processing during perception and also for protecting targets held in working memory. Importantly, attentional control also appears to be central to performance on Gf assessments. Consistent with this evidence, forms of cognitive training that increase ability to ignore distractions (e.g., working memory training and perceptual training) not only affect the DAN but also affect transfer to Gf. Conclusions: Our hypothesis is supported by existing evidence. However, to advance the field of cognitive training, it is necessary that competing hypotheses on mechanisms of far transfer of cognitive training be advanced and empirically tested. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2015 APA, all rights reserved)
Working memory capacity, mind wandering, and creative cognit...
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Monday, November 16, 2015
Thursday, November 12, 2015
"Just say no" to race- or demographically-adjusted IQ norms in the Dx of ID: Post made at ICDP sister blog
The excellent American University Law Review article (IQ, INTELLIGENCE TESTS, “ETHNIC ADJUSTMENTS” AND ATKINS) is by Robert Sanger (click here to view).
Wednesday, November 11, 2015
Article: Brain Rhythms Sync to Musical Beat
Brain Rhythms Sync to Musical Beat
http://www.scientificamerican.com/podcast/episode/brain-rhythms-sync-to-musical-beat/
Related topics: National Academy of Sciences, Stephin Merritt, The Brain
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Sunday, November 08, 2015
Link feast [feedly]
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Link feast
// BPS Research Digest
The Big Baby Experiment
A London lab is deploying every technology it can to understand infant brains, and what happens when development goes awry. Linda Geddes reports for Nature.
Actively Investigating Rest
Ella Rhodes at The Psychologist reports from the first-year celebration of the Wellcome Trust funded Hubbub group.
When Jealousy and Empathy Collide in the Brain
A brain-imaging study I reported on for New York's Science of Us suggests that we don't mind that much when people above us in a hierarchy are in pain.
Diversity: It's Good For Your Brain
Living in a multicultural society is like taking a daily run: it keeps your mind fit, says Richard Crisp at The Guardian.
Believing What You Don't Believe
"People can simultaneously recognize that, rationally, their superstitious belief is impossible, but persist in their belief, and their behavior, regardless," write Jane Risen and David Nussbaum in the this New York Times op-ed.
A 'Smart' Way To Spot Schizophrenia Signs
Emily Eisner, a Medical Research Council postgraduate student at the University of Manchester won this year's MRC Max Perutz Science Writing Award for this essay (published at BBC News) about ways smartphone technology might help identify when people are at risk of a psychotic episode.
Why We Should Stop Worrying About Our Wandering Minds
"Daydreaming has a bad reputation," writes Claudia Hammond at BBC Future, "but neuroscientists are beginning to realise that a wandering mind is not only typical – it might be beneficial."
The Story of Our Brains (audio)
In the latest episode of the Guardian's Science Weekly podcast, neuroscientist David Eagleman discusses how neuroscience and technology are reshaping how we understand our brains.
At Last, A Gold-standard Study On Brain Training
Over at The Conversation, Tom Stafford gives the low down on a new study into the benefits of online "brain training" exercises.
Shaker Aamer: How Torture is Like a Microwave For Your Mind
The last British prisoner to be released from Guantanamo Bay has been diagnosed with post traumatic stress disorder, writes Lucy Maddox at Prospect magazine.
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Director
Institute for Applied Psychometrics
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Article: Innovative Digital Medicine: Akili’s Project EVO Shows Promise for Children with ADHD
Innovative Digital Medicine: Akili's Project EVO Shows Promise for Children with ADHD
http://www.innovationexcellence.com/blog/2015/11/02/innovative-digital-medicine-akili-video-game-for-adhd-intervention/#sthash.atuijrja.dpuf
Related topics: Medicine, Game Design, ADHD
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Saturday, November 07, 2015
Sunday, November 01, 2015
Sharing A comparison of two models of creativity: Divergent thinking and creative expert performance via BrowZine
A comparison of two models of creativity: Divergent thinking and creative expert performance
An, Donggun; Song, Youngmyung; Carr, Martha
Personality and Individual Differences, Vol. 90 – 2016: 78 - 84
10.1016/j.paid.2015.10.040
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http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0191886915300064
Accessed with BrowZine, supported by University of Minnesota.
An, Donggun; Song, Youngmyung; Carr, Martha
Personality and Individual Differences, Vol. 90 – 2016: 78 - 84
10.1016/j.paid.2015.10.040
University of Minnesota Users:
http://login.ezproxy.lib.umn.edu/login?url=http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0191886915300064
Non-University of Minnesota Users: (Full text may not be available)
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0191886915300064
Accessed with BrowZine, supported by University of Minnesota.
Sharing The relation between a multicomponent working memory and intelligence: The roles of central executive and short-term storage functions via BrowZine
The relation between a multicomponent working memory and intelligence: The roles of central executive and short-term storage functions
Wongupparaj, Peera; Kumari, Veena; Morris, Robin G.
Intelligence, Vol. 53 – 2015: 166 - 180
10.1016/j.intell.2015.10.007
University of Minnesota Users:
http://login.ezproxy.lib.umn.edu/login?url=http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0160289615001361
Non-University of Minnesota Users: (Full text may not be available)
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0160289615001361
Accessed with BrowZine, supported by University of Minnesota.
Wongupparaj, Peera; Kumari, Veena; Morris, Robin G.
Intelligence, Vol. 53 – 2015: 166 - 180
10.1016/j.intell.2015.10.007
University of Minnesota Users:
http://login.ezproxy.lib.umn.edu/login?url=http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0160289615001361
Non-University of Minnesota Users: (Full text may not be available)
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0160289615001361
Accessed with BrowZine, supported by University of Minnesota.
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