CHC model of intelligence is mainstream: Woodcock (1990) and McGrew (2009) both #1

I was searching through some journals tonight and discovered that Dr. Richard Woodock's seminal 1990 article, "Theoretical foundations of the WJ-R measures of cognitive ability", is the #1 cited article in the Journal of Psychoeducational Assessment (see image below...click to enlarge)

This article is not just about the WJ-R. The article used the then Gf-Gc based WJ-R special study data files to conduct a series of joint CFA with all the major intelligence tests. The most important insight was a mapping of all major IQ tests as per the major broad abilities of what is now call the CHC model of intelligence. It gave birth to the concept of CHC cross-battery assessment. It was a major influential tipping point article in the evolution of the CHC model; primarily by bridging theory and assessment practice. I have written about this important seminal Woodcock paper in McGrew (2005) and Schneider and McGrew (2012). This is also relfected in the CHC Timeline project, a portion which is presented below (click image to enlarge)

Couple this with the fact that my invited editorial on CHC theory, in the journal Intelligence, is the #1 cited article since 2009 in that journal, and it is my conclusion that CHC theory is now part of mainstream psychology and theories of intelligence.

The tipping point has passed...the CHC taxonomy is now mainstream. Further evidence is the revision or development and analysis of most all intelligence theories as per CHC theory (see the stellar research of Keith and Reynolds and others...here...and here.

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CHC intelligence theory and assessment timeline revision - working draft

I'm busy revising the CHC Timeline that is part of the CHC Timeline project.  This project was an outgrowth of my 2005 CHC Theory: Past, Present and Future chapter (click here and here to view).  I am now revising it as I need to revise that chapter (together with a colleague--Dr. Joel Schneider) and plan to include this revised (and less detailed) version as a figure in the chapter.

Below is a copy of the figure.  A web page version is available here (note - the timeline does not accurately and fully display all features in all browsers, and you may need to "zoom" in with your browser to see all details).  I believe that one can enlarge the figure below by clicking on it - but no promises.  If all else fails, the best option would be to view the PDF version.

All of the events listed will be described in greater detail in the chapter...so I know it is hard to evaluate the timeline without knowing what detailed information is subsumed by each event marker on the timeline.  With that understanding, I would appreciate any feedback regarding important events that my have been overlooked--as well as any other constructive feedback.  I final version will be posted when it is finished.

I would particularly encourage feedback on the CHC listserv.

Pushing the edge of the contemporary cognitive (CHC) theory: New directions for psychologists

I just returned from Australia where I made a number of presentations.  Two were at the 2010 16th Annual APS College of Clinical Neuropsychologists Conference. 

Earlier today I just posted the slides (at my SlideShare site - click here) from my 2+ hour workshop:  New directions in neuropsychological assessment: Augmenting neuropsychological assessment with CHC cognitive measures.

I have now posted the other presentation - Pushing the edge of the contemporary cognitive (CHC) theory:  New directions for psychologists (click here to view).  Below is a brief description of the slide show

• This is the current version of my previous "Beyond CHC theory" module.  It presents my current thinking [based on extensive exploratory and confirmatory analysis of multiple data sets (esp. the WJ III norm data and WJ III joint cross-battery data sets) plus the integration of contemporary cognitive, neurocognitive, intelligence and neuropsychological research] re: potential future evolutions of the Cattell-Horn-Carroll (CHC) model of human cognitive abilities.  This current presentation was last presented at the CNN (neuropsych) conference the first week of October, 2010, in Fremantle Australia.

Technorati Tags: Psychology, school psychology, developmental psychology, educational psychology, forensic psychology, neuropsychology, special education, intelligence, cognitive abilities, cognition, intelligence theories, CHC theory, CHC, Cattell-Horn-Carroll, intelligence, cognition, IQ, IQ tests

AAIDD intellectual disability manual (11th edition): Intelligence component -1 standard deviation below average: Final in 3-part series

[Note...this is cross-blog post.  It also has been posted to IQs Corner sister blog--ICDP]

This is my third (and final) comment in my series of comments re: the intellectual component of the new AAIDD ID/MR definition and classification manual.  I urge readers, if they have not done so, to read my original post.  In the first post I outlined the reason for the series.  I also highlighted positive features of the AAIDD component (chapter 4) of the manual and acknowledged that no manual will be perfect.  In the second post, I presented a comparative analysis of the literature cited in the 2002 and 2010 manuals regarding the nature and definition of intelligence. It was my conclusion that the 2010 manual (11th edition-the green book) failed to incorporate significant consensus-based advances regarding the nature of psychometric theories of intelligence and contemporary intelligence tests based upon these theories.

This final post is intended to provide the foundations for the conclusions in my second critical analysis post. To be honest, I've struggled with how to articulate these concerns in a brief format. This has been the major reason for the delay in this final post. I've struggled with not wanting to be a simple critic who does not offer substantive evidence or guidance. More importantly, I did not want to be a critic who did not try to help rectify the issues identified. Thus, I decided to take a more ambitious educational approach to my concerns regarding the AAIDD ID 2010 manual. Thus, my final post in the form of a lengthy PowerPoint presentation that is intended to educate and provide background information regarding my criticisms.

Below is a description of the PowerPoint presentation which is available via my SlideShare space.  This is an online  presentation that can also be downloaded to your respective hard drive for off-line viewing and use. In addition, I have made available a PDF copy of the slides presentation can be accessed by clicking here. [Warning....the PDF version is very large...30+MB....and should only be downloaded when you have a high speed connection]

Description of presentation:  This presentation traces the evolution of psychometric theories of intelligence from Spearman's g to contemporary CHC. In addition, it simultaneously tracks the evolution of psychometric tests of intelligence as they relate to psychometric theories. Finally, there is a special emphasis on tracking changes in the AAMR/AAIDD intellectual disability (mental retardation) classification manuals over the same period. It is concluded that despite significant advances in psychometric theories of intelligence and contemporary psychometric intelligence tests, the official 2010 AAIDD manual is significantly behind these developments. The 2010 AAIDD manual is "stuck on g" and has failed to incorporate advances in both psychometric theories and tests of intelligence.  A significant intelligence theory--AAIDD ID/MR definition gap exists tat has potential serious consequences for individuals with ID/MR.

Below is my final set of critical summary comments (2nd slide from the end) presented at the end of the presentation.

Despite the widespread acceptance and recognition of the contemporary CHC (aka Extended Gf-Gc) theory of intelligence by intelligence scholars, a 2002 national panel of MR/ID experts, and the clear movement in applied IQ test development to test batteries grounded in the CHC framework, AAIDD continues to be “stuck on g”

The AAIDD definition of intelligence is out-of-date.  A major intelligence theory—AAIDD ID definition gap exists

Contemporary intelligence scholars, experts, and test developers recognize that although g (general intelligence)  may exist at the apex of the CHC taxonomy of human cognitive abilities, there are broad (stratum II) abilities that are important (i.e., have differential validities) that can be assessed and, when interpreted appropriately, can provide a more valid and multidimensional picture of an individuals intellectual functioning.

AAIDD’s continued use of the statement (with regard to measurement of multiple cognitive abilities) that “until such measures of multiple intelligences can be assessed reliably and validly, it is the position of AAIDD that intellectual functioning…is best conceptualized and captured by a general factor of intelligence” is simply wrong!  Reliable and valid measures of the broad CHC ability domains exist and have been published  in most intelligence batteries published from 1989 to 2008. 

The AAIDD g-position is at odds with the known heterogeneity of abilities within the ID (and general) population and fails to recognize that although a g-based total composite score may often represent the best single index of a person’s intellectual functioning, often the g-based composite score may lead to inaccurate conclusions regarding a person’s intellectual functioning and in these cases more attention should be focused on the component part scores.  The stuck on g position has the potential to result in serious consequences for individuals, such as denial of special education services; denial of SS benefits, and unjust execution as in “Atkins MR/ID death penalty cases”.

As I stated in my original post, "ideally I hope that my forthcoming critical comments, combined with a spirited back-and-forth dialogue, will produce productive scholarly discourse, discourse that may result in AAIDD upgrading/revising their current written statement regarding the first prong of an ID diagnosis—intellectual functioning (Chapter 4) via new position papers or journal articles, web-based clarifications, and/or the publication of more specific professional guidelines."  Finally, I extend an invitation to members of the committee (that drafted the 2010 manual) to forward  me any professional responses to my series,  which I will post as "guest post responses" at the ICDP blog.

Technorati Tags: psychology, forensic psychology, school psychology, educational psychology, neuropsychology, criminal psychology, criminal justice, AAI DD, AAMR, MR, ID, mental retardation, intellectual disability, intelligence, g, general intelligence, IQ part scores, psychometric theories of intelligence, psychometric tests, IQ, IQ scores, IQ tests, history of IQ tests, mental retardation definition, intellectual disability definition, ABA, American Bar Association, AAIDD manual

Intelligence theory and test progress continuum: Updated and revised

 [Double click on image to enlarge]

Intelligence theory and tests have evolved significantly over the past two decades.  This progress is reflected in the above progress continuum.  I will likely be referencing this figure in future posts.

Additional historical information is available via IQs Corner CHC Timeline project.

Interesting questions re: a potential Atkins/MR/death penalty IQ test-intelligence theory gap are noted at IQs Corner sister blog.

CHC Intelligence Theory Timeline Project Update: Carroll (1985) paper found + clickable map to come

In a prior post I described the CHC Intelligence Theory Timeline Project.  I will continue to work on this project as time permits.

At this time I've got a two announcements.  First, I've been in contact with the maker of the software I'm using (Timeline Maker) about the Mozilla browser bug (see prior post) and the need I have for the program to export web-based material with all the active file, image, and URL links I have on my desktop program.  As a result, I've been placed on their list of "beta" testers for their next version which should include this feature (apparently many others have asked for the same feature).  So..hang tight.  We may have an on-line CHC Timeline on the web with clickable resources sometime soon.

The second announcement is made possible by Dr. Jack Carroll's daughter (Mimi Chapin) and her husband.  I recently sent out a listserv request in hopes of finding a copy of Carroll's unpublished 1985 paper--Domains of Cognitive Ability, which was presented at an Assocition for the Advancment of Science.  Mimi and her husband dug through Jack's files and found and sent me a copy.  I'm now making it available for others to view/download (click here).  It is an interesting read.  As early as 1985 the basic building blocks (broad stratum II abilities) of Carroll's eventual tri-stratum model can be seen.  Near the end of the paper is Table 1, which lists the broad domains (as well as the higher order g-factor) of Gf, Gc, Gv, Ga, Gs, Gi (now these abilities are typically listed under Glr in the CHC taxonomy), and Gm (which later Carroll labeled Gy...and which is now divided between Gsm and Glr in the CHC model.

Technorati Tags: psychology, school psychology, educational psychology, neuropsychology, intelligence, cognition, ISIR, IQ, cognitive abilities, Jack Carroll, CHC, CHC theory, Cattell-Horn-Carroll, CHC Timeline Project, Timeline Maker

Cattell-Horn-Cattell (CHC) Intelligence Theory Timeline Project

I've been busy taking information from my Cattell-Horn-Carroll CHC (Gf-Gc) Theory:  Past, Present & Future book chapter (in Flanagan & Harrison, 2005 CIA book) and putting it together in a piece of professional timeline software (Timeline Maker).  The software is "way cool" as it allows me to embed hyperlinks to files, images, web pages, etc.  Then, I can use the software, when making presentations, and bring events in one-at-a-time.  AND, at each event there are icons that serve as menus to files, images, etc. that I can "bring up" for viewing and discussion.  I've been embedding the timeline with all kinds of historical images, original classic articles (e.g., Spearman, Thurstone, Cattell, etc.) as well as more recent CHC-related articles.  The idea is for a timeline-based working and breathing educational tool....a timeline-based book chapter if you please.

At this point in time the software allows me to output a web page....but the icon-based hyperlinks don't work (darn).  There is a possible "work around" I'm exploring (which would require a person to download a huge zip file and use the free Timeline Maker Preview program), which would allow people to have all the material on their HD for viewing--but I'm not ready to make that available just yet.

So....for now....you can view the completed Evolution of CHC Intelligence Theory and Assessment web page (sorry..it only is viewable when using Internet Explorer.  I use Mozilla as my browsser and it won't view.....%%$$#$$##).  You will see the various icons that are not active.

Also, I've exported the timeline and put it together with the "notes" from each event...a combined web image/table document.  This is a PDF file that can be downloaded by clicking here.  I added a small number of the embedded images that are available from the working clickable version to the end of the document....just the basics.

Feedback would be appreciated.  The long-term goal is to find a way to make this accessible on-line to others (free) for education and training purposes.  My intent is to add new material and update it on a regular basis.

Stay tuned to this blog for updates...or, subscribe to the CHC listserv for upates re: the projet.

EnjoyTechnorati Tags: psychology, educational psychology, school psychology, neuropsychology, human cognitive abilities, intelligence, IQ tests, IQ, IQ scores, general intelligence, g, Thurstone, Spearman, Vernon, Cattell-Horn-Carroll, CHC theory, cognition, CHC Timeline, IQs Corner